Which validity is defined as the degree to which test content matches the domain content?

• A. Face validity
• B. Content validity
• C. Convergent validity
• D. Discriminant validity

Answer: (B)

Content validity is the degree to which test content matches the domain it’s intended to cover. When creating a measure, you define the domain and then choose and organize items so every important aspect of that domain is represented. This ensures the test samples the full construct, rather than including irrelevant material. Experts review items and map them to domain elements, sometimes using a content validity index to quantify relevance and coverage. This focus on comprehensive domain representation is what makes content validity the best answer.

Face validity looks at whether the test appears to measure what it should, which is about appearance rather than actual coverage. Convergent validity checks correlation with other measures of the same construct, and discriminant validity checks lack of correlation with different constructs.