Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

• A. Mean
• B. Range
• C. Median
• D. Mode

Answer: (B)

Central tendency describes a typical value around which data cluster, using measures that summarize where most observations lie. The mean, median, and mode all serve this purpose: mean is the arithmetic average, the median is the middle value when data are ordered, and the mode is the most frequent value. The range, however, describes dispersion—how spread out the data are—by subtracting the smallest value from the largest. It doesn’t indicate a typical or central value. For example, in a set like 2, 3, 4, 100, the range is 98, while the mean is 27.25 and the median is 3.5, showing that the range conveys spread, not a central point.