Structural Functionalism explains why society functions by focusing on:

• A. The environment and person relationships between social institutions
• B. Individual psychological processes
• C. Random social changes
• D. Economic class struggle

Answer: (A)

Structural Functionalism explains how society functions by looking at how major social institutions relate to and support one another within a larger system. It treats institutions like interdependent parts—family, education, religion, economy, government—and asks how their roles and interactions keep social order, cohesion, and stability. This perspective focuses on the environment that shapes these relationships and how the connections between institutions help the system run smoothly, rather than focusing on individuals or on random change. The other options point to micro-level psychology, unspecified random shifts, or conflict over resources, which are not the central focus of this approach.